Genetic Essays - Cytogenetics, Aneuploidy, Genetic Disorder

Genetic Disorders Alterations in human chromosomes or the deletion of an important gene product are often due to a mutation, which can spring an abundant strand of genetic mutations and improper coding. Mutations can spring from deletion, duplication or inversion of a chromosome. This improper deletion is the factor that leads to complications and ultimately genetic disorders. Turner Syndrome and Cat-cry Syndrome are both alterations of chromosome structure due to deletion. In Turner Syndrome, there is a missing X chromosome and in the Cat-cry Syndrome chromosome-18 has been lost or deleted. Other genetic disorders that give rise to discussion are point mutations which include Sickle cell anemia, Maternal PKU and the genetic disorder of The D1 Trisomy syndrome. Turner Syndrome was described first by Turner in 1938 (Jack H. Hung 1989 p.45) and it was established that this disorder was due to the deletion of an X chromosome in 1959 by Ford, Jones, Polani, de Ameida and Briggs. The most predominant traits of those who have this disorder consist of being short, having neck webbing with a low hairline and having a widely spaced chest. Turner Syndrome disease is not a fatal disease as long as there is management of possible heart problems and ovarian dysfunction. Early support and counseling are the key in dealing with psychological problems that may arise such as infertility and potential hearing loss. Cat-cry Syndrome is another deletion disorder in which inhibitor survives quite well. Lejeune recognized this disorder in 1964 and he gave it the official name of La Maladie du Cri-du-Chat. The physical characteristics are evident in this disorder. There is a round moon-face, a low birth weight and a transverse palmar crease. When infants are born, it is their cry that stands out the most. It embodies a plaintive high-pitched wail, weak, and with a hint of stridor that sounds like that of a cat (Valtine 1969 p.113). This cry is the result of small vocal cords and a curved epiglottis. As these infants grow older their voice will eventually deepen and become more normal. The chromosome deletion is part of the short arm of a B group chromosome. It seems that the deletion comes about as a chance mishap, a break and then a loss at anaphase (Valtine 1969 p.114). Sickle cell disease is another disorder but is not caused by the deletion of a chromosome. Instead there is an abnormal type of hemoglobin S that is inherited as an autosomal inherited trait. This disease produces chronic anemia, which may become life threatening when hemolytic crises (the breakdown of redblood cells) or aplastic crises (bone marrow fails to produce blood cells) occur http://www.wcu.edu/library/online/index.htm). The incidence of this disorder is 1/400 African Americans and 8/100,000 people. The manifestations of this disease are a result of the fragility and inflexibility of the sickle red bloodcells. When exposed to a lack of water, infection, and low oxygen supply, these delicate red blood cells take the shape of a crescent. This then causes blood cell devastation and thickening of the blood. Sickle cell anemia has the potential to be life threatening and can affect other body systems and parts of the body. Those included are the nervous system, bones, the kidneys and the liver. Maternal PKU is a genetic disorder that stems from point mutation. 1/15,000 people fall victim to the disorder. Phenylketonuria (PKU) has been shown as a cause of retardation in infant fetuses. Children in the fetus begin with a normal amount of phenylalanine hydroxylase but are affected by the mother's elevated phenylalanine level due to the imbalance of prenatal amino acid (Kenneth Lyons Jones, M.D. 1988). Mental deficiency is clearly evident in disorder and usually consists of I.Q.s of 50. There are frequent mild manifestations of dysfunction and there are mild characteristics of a round face, thin upper lip, a small upturned nose and a deformed maxilla. Occasional abnormalities that are frequently associated with this disorder are sacral spine anomalies, cleft lip and irritability. The D1 Trisomy Syndrome is a very rare hideous disease that occurs during the time of infancy. Only just over a dozen cases on record. This diagnosis can often be made at birth due to the consistent abnormalities. "The baby is frail, puny, and microcephalic. There may be deformities of the scalp or skull and there is invariably cleft lip or palate (Kenneth Lyons Jones, M.D.). The fingers and toes are often disfigured on these victems. As far as the other body parts go, there is a congenital heart deformity and there is often abnormal lobulation of the lungs. Interestingly

Air Care Gap Analysis

Air Care Gap Analysis Abstract Every airline company has its own unique operation and long term strategies. Just like in other industries such as the agricultural, banking and manufacturing sectors, airline industries across the globe have different goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Care Gap Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They get cargo ships, tourists’ small jets, military air crafts and private chattered crafts. Although all of them fall in the same industry, one of the airplanes facing stiff competition is the passengers’ plane. These airlines need a lot financial capital to successfully run while at the same time, the industry is flooded by many players. Additionally, these commercial jets work with multicultural customers, who have different beliefs and understanding. As a result, the industry is faced with a big challenge of ensuring that all their customers’ needs are met. If a company fails to achieve this, it might risk its survival in the market. In this paper, a sample study is taken from Air Care and their ability to create satisfaction to their customers. The study is, however, focused on the customers perspective and satisfaction levels over services being achieved by the industry (Fattah 2011). Introduction With ever increasing day to day competition among industries, there has been a big realization for managers to closely monitor their operating environment through monetary, technical and customer levels of efficiency. Quality provision is vital for any industry to grow. This paper has an objective of investigating the extent of customers’ satisfaction among Air Care. To carry out the research, 10 customers were randomly sampled among those who normally use the services of Air Care.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The customers were t aken through survey questioners based on SERVQUAL model. The questionnaires consisted of 22 questions, which measured all levels of experience and expectations in the industry (Shaw 2004). Literature Review Due to intangible nature of service, defining service quality and satisfaction has become very hard to achieve. Service quality researches are taken by the most accepted SERVQUAL model (Fattah 2011). Since the development of this tool, researchers from all over the world have applied the twenty two item scale in studying service quality across various sectors of industries. This paper is based on the relationship between the service providers and their customers in wide scope over creation of satisfaction in the sector. To develop this system, quality measurement indicators need to be identified after which a system can be developed to enable the functionality of the indicators. Among those indicators are the feedbacks from the customers over empathy, assurance, reliability, resp onsiveness, and tangibles. Airline industries as service providers with one to one interaction with the customers need to develop tight strategic measures that will enable them to retain as well as attract more customers. Since the quality of service sends more long-term impact to the customers, other tangible products and players in the service industry should ensure they have good strategies to handle their customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Care Gap Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To achieve these, airline industries need to develop a unique recruitment and screening system to ensure that their customers are satisfied with the services provided. Additionally, they should have seasoned training programs to cope with the ever changing airline field. This also makes the companies use research guided training programs and constant adjustments to achieve maximum output. Customer and employee rela tionship is viewed both as a marketing strategy by the players in the industry and as an output quality strategy (Czincota 2009). Methodology This study was carried out with a sample of 10 subjects randomly sampled from most frequent Air Care customers in the neighbourhood. The Respondents were contacted and briefed over the research. They were informed about their rights, responsibilities and ethical considerations. The 22 item questionnaire based on the most recommended SERVQUAL model was used(Kotler 2002). The questionnaire administered followed two distinct grouping. First section was based on the expectations of Air Care customers’ expectations (E); the next part checked the Experience level of customers (Ep). Likert scale was then developed based on the 22 items. The scale was found to be the best as it limits the answers to a measurable level that is also easy to compute. Before the questionnaires could be administered, the participants were first taught on how to hand le their questions such as marking and selection of answered (Fattah 2011). All the given questionnaires were returned answered appropriately. The responses of all 10 respondents were recorded. The following score scale was used;Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strongly Agree =5 Agree =4 Fairly agree =3 Disagree =2 Strongly Disagree =1 Survey: below questionnaire has two parts. The first part is ranking Air Care according to the expectation of the sample group. The next one shows their perception Fig1. Questionnaire Statement Score Excellent airlines to have modern equipments Perfect airlines have appealing environment. Employees in good airlines must be neat Appealing documents are expected to be present in perfect airlines Airlines have efficient processes Airlines are customer focused and provide full attentions to its customers There is efficiency in timing of processes They adhere to time and promises Their records are error free Employees are always willing to help customers Employees communicate effectively with customers Employees are ready to provide the customers with aid The responses of employees are very quick to customers Emplo yees are self confident Customers safety is assured Employees are very cautious Employees are knowledgeable to customers problems Airlines provide individual attention Convenient operating hours Employees offering personal services Airlines put their customers in the first place Employees understand their customers Survey: Air Care perception. Fig 3 Questionnaire Statement Score Airlines have excellent modern equipment There is an appealing environment. The employees are neat Appealing documents The processes are efficient Airlines are customer focused and treat their customers properly There is efficiency in timing of processes They adhere to time and promises Their records are error free Employees are always willing to help customers Employees communicate effectively with customers Employees are ever there for customers aid Employ ees are ready to provide the customers with aid Employees are confident Customers safety is assured Employees are very cautious Employees are knowledgeable to customers problems Airlines provide individual attention Convenient operating hours Employees offering personal services Airlines put their customers in the first place Employees understand their customers The sample size distribution was described by the distribution table. Mean standard deviations were then computed and T-test was carried out in order to test significant differences of the sample means. All the tools were applied to ensure that the answers were as accurate as possible and could provide an easy analysis. Findings and Discussion Figure 1: Demographic profile of the respondents Age Male Female Total 12-22 2 1 3 23-33 1 2 3 34-44 1 1 2 44-54 1 1 64- 1 1 Total 5 5 10 Service Gap Analysis Service gap based on the experience an d expectations of the customers was then analysed as per the 22 item questionnaires. During the computerization, the data were entered according to three distinct occupational groups. Those who worked in the public sector were recorded as (public), those who worked in private sector were recorded as (private) and those who were unemployed were (none). The categorization was found to be easier to execute, simple to communicate out as compared to when the age was used. In addition, most customers were found to be employed either as professionals or simply seeking employment or trade opportunities (Haridasini 2011). Discussion From the result of the three major groups i.e. the public, private and none, all had a lot of expectations about tangibles, as shown in Appendix A. The reliability, however, has never met the expectations. Consequently, the level of assurances and responsiveness was very high. Most customers perceived very little empathy averagely. Most customers believe that emp loyees do not pay too much attention to their customers. As a result, there was a strong disagreement on compassionate nature of the employees towards their customers. The airline industry as a service provider with one to one customers interaction needs to develop tight strategic measures that will enable them to retain as well as attract more customers. Sense of appeal was strongly noted to be lacking in the Air Care (Haridasini 2011). Most of the products relayed lacked tastes of appeal from the offices to the cabins. Employees also failed to provide a quick response to their customers. Based on the research, the following differencing plane was computed. A differencing plane graph From the results obtained, it is evident that most customers are not yet satisfied with the Air Care services. Customers lack the expected empathy. Employees’ response to customers is slow. As a result, some customers feel neglected. Customers expect good customer care service with quick respon ses. However, most services in Air Care still undergo a lot of bureaucratic procedures. The company has not created a strong assurance platform that promises customers that future services will correspond to their expectation. Managers need to put more emphases to create surety to their customers. Responsiveness and reliability are catered for in the Air Care; however, a lot is still required from the management team of the company in order to maximize their output (Czincota 2009). Conclusion Despite the fact that airways strive to meet their customers demand in the Air Care, several weakness have been detected. Most customers do expect a lot from the airports ranging from environmental appealing, comfort, service efficiencies and customer-employee relationship, however these have never been achieved by the companies. Hence, the companies have not satisfied most of their clients’ needs and they need to make major improvement to better world competition levels. Air Care can us e this information to come up with strategies of ensuring that all its customers are satisfied. Apart from this, the research provides a lot of information on what changes are expected to occur in the international marketing field. Customer views and levels of satisfactions change depending on seasons and places, utilizing the system will enable the organization to have better chance of attracting and retaining more customers. Currently, Air Care is seen to operate below their level due to little focus on customers’ needs. It is believed that redrafting their goals towards meeting customers’ satisfaction will enhance a lot of improvement in the industry. References Czincota, M 2009, Emerging Trends, Threats and Opportunities in International Marketing, Business Expert Press, New York Fattah, A 2011, Smart airports: transforming passenger experience to thrive in the new economy, Cisco internet business solution group: New York. Haridasini, A 2011, ]The sky portal: Busin ess traveler, Rutledge: London Kotler, P 2002, Marketing Management, Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd: New Delhi. Shaw, S 2004, Airline marketing and management, Ashgate: Aldershot, England

Special education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Special education - Assignment Example Children with all challenging conditions are qualified. Parent HELPLINE: Can be used by anyone and any family that needs emergency help. Reddix centre has trained professionals who offer to support and answer the questions of all those who are in a crisis. For more information call 210-397-2401. Most students with disabilities have barriers of all types. However, the advent of new technology has made life easier for most students. New technology is now helping most of these students to overcome all barriers. Medical Equipment: The medical equipment provides the students with physical flexibility in their movement while at the centre and in positioning their monitors when learning in classes. By using special toys, devices, equipment and computers, students with disabilities are also capable of handling all the activities without the help of parents, other students or teachers For more information Visit the Central Office at Nelly Reddix Centre or by call

Naval Hospital Guam Color Guard Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Naval Hospital Guam Color Guard - Article Example I ask you all to take that on as a true mission in the year ahead." On November 11, 2007 during the Veterans Day ceremony, Hospitalman Stephen Cendana of the U.S. Naval Hospital Guam took part in the Joint Color Guard that presented the flags at the honoring observance rite. Island residents and military dignitaries attended the event held at the Ricardo J. Bordallo Complex in Adelup to pay tribute to the veterans. The military tradition of duty, honor, and freedom resounded at the commemoration celebration. Scott Duenas, a navy veteran and one of the sixteen (16) Veterans of the Year expressed his pride for being part of the tradition of patriotism. Duenas said: "There's a lot of people who went before me. And today we've got other veterans serving on active duty and we also need to honor them." Hospitalman Cendana of the U.S. Naval Hospital Guam spoke of the great honor in taking part of the ceremonial Joint Color Guard that presented the flags because they represented not only the Navy but also the Armed Forces of the United States with many a number of decorated veterans in attendance. The annals of the U.S.

The Good Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Good Life - Essay Example As asserted by Plato in The Republic, the good life is basically defined in terms of the moral life. Although there is more to good life that morality, Plato believed morality is a vital component of living the good life. In this regard, the conflict between the good life and moral life becomes logically impossible in view of their internal relationship. (Nagel) In searching for the good life, one must strive to have a moral life. This endeavor leads us to break away from the senseless and ungratifying pursuit of physical pleasures, honors and material benefits that commonly take precedence over one's search for the moral life (Kraut). It is in this manner that my view is similar to Plato's. As Plato proposed that living a good life involves contemplation by ceasing to engage in unsatisfying interests, I also believe that a good life entails the same kind of thinking to seek out the truth about our happiness, a critical factor of the good life, by giving up on trivial pursuits. At this day and age when we are bombarded with myriad messages the powerful media about the superficial notions on how to satisfy our desires, this requires substantial sacrifice. According to Aristotle, living a good life necessitates the fulfillment of one's nature. ... Similarly, I believe that using our ability to think is crucial to the good life. The greatest gift that we possess is our ability to think and bring about the fullest potential of our brains. I also consider that using this ability to improve the chances of future generations to live a good life is of great importance. Apart from this condition to good life, Aristotle also provided a profile of one who may live a good life. He defined good life as the activity of the soul in accordance with virtue, which comprised of theoretical wisdom, practical wisdom, and understanding (Edel). As such, only those who are able to exemplify these are deemed capable to lead good lives. For Aristotle, this profile excludes women, slaves and lower classes including trades people and farmers because they are not capable of making their own decisions so they are unable to practice these virtues. Moreover, those who had experienced great loss are not able to lead the good life as it would be difficult to build new friendships, a necessary requirement to have a good life. The chronically ill would also find it difficult to have a good life for it is difficult for them to learn the desires of a healthy person since health is a requirement for leading the good life. (Haslip) In this point, my view on good life contradicts Aristotle's idea. This is because for me, good life is attainable regardless of age, race, gender, social standing, mental and emotional conditions. I believe that anyone who has the ability to hold one's intrapersonal factors separate from external and other environmental factors may achieve happiness, thus, live a good life. For instance, a sick person, although he/she is not of sound health, can still be happy

Levels Of Deprivation Amongst Different Ward Of Canterbury Economics Essay

Levels Of Deprivation Amongst Different Ward Of Canterbury Economics Essay This essay is going to compare the levels of deprivation amongst the different wards of the Canterbury district (Barton, Northgate, St Stephens, Westgate and Wincheap). I will make comparisons using statistical data from the Office of National Statistics  [1]  , in particular I will focus of factors such as educational attainment, physical environment and the housing stock (housing stock and number of people living in households). Canterbury is a fairly small city in the south east of England. Canterbury has a population of 148,100 (mid-year 2008 estimate)1. Canterbury district has the largest population of any local area in Kent. In 2000, the district also experienced the second largest population growth (+9%) of any Kent district with the exception of Ashford. This is partially because of the exponential increase of students; this is due to the rapid expansion of the Canterbury Universities, the University of Kent, Canterbury Christ Church University, and the University College for the Creative Arts and most recently GAU (The Girne American University). With an estimated 45,000 students  [2]  attending Canterburys four universities and further education colleges each year, generating money and employment for the local economy. In addition tourism is a very significant component of the local economy and in 2000, according to statistics, supported an estimated 4692 jobs and generated approximately  £132, 000,000 in expenditure  [3]  . Canterbury is in the  City of Canterbury  local government district. The citys urban area consists of the six wards  of Barton, Harbledown, Northgate, St Stephens, Westgate, and Wincheap. These wards are electoral wards which have fifteen of the fifty seats on the  Canterbury  City Council. Twelve of these seats are held by the  Liberal Democrats  and three by the  Conservatives. This is very beneficial to the city as it means the different areas can be controlled individually, so residents can put forward ideas and ask questions to their wards. Politicians who will try and help will try and help their residents. This is also very useful as there are two political parties as they will have different views and aims. This is valuable as each of the wards is very different. Each has a different style of housing, including a large creation in the household size. Also the environmental quality varies greatly across the wards. Within most cities there is considerable variation in the quality of life. This raises questions about equality of opportunity and social justice. In MEDCs, there are areas that are labelled as poor and these are areas of deprivation, poverty and exclusion. In MEDCs these are often inner-city areas or ghettos. The factors associated with deprivation are varied. Urban poverty and deprivation can be measured using a number of indices; these include physical measures; such as quality of housing, levels of pollution, incidence of crime etc, social indicators; including levels of health and access to services, and standard of education etc, economical indices; access to employment, and unemployment levels and political measures which include opportunities to vote and take part in community organisations. Major issues within inner cities in MEDCs are that properties have deteriorated and the majority of them are overcrowded households. Social segregation is another main problem along with racial discrimination, an example of this is in Brixton where people are socially excluded. To conclude the environmental issues also have a big issue on an areas deprivation. When the factories move to locations outside of the inner city, where land prices are cheaper, the factories will be left to decay, and the poor state of repair causes a depressing environment. Also in inner city often has a lack of open space, with pollution levels often being high due to traffic congestion. After the industrial revolution people became increasingly wealthy. This led to social segregation, the wealthier people moved out of inner city suburbs. People left in the inner city were older residents, single parent families, students, and poorer families. In addition the ethnic minorities were left behind in the inner city suburbs- formation of ghettos. Centrifugal movement, in particular counter urbanisation increase the problem. The movement of businesses to out of inner city areas leads to increasing unemployment levels as there are less employment opportunities available in the inner city, this will all eventually lead to the city becoming a dead heart. In addition the removal of businesses causes a loss of money from the area so there is little money available to invest in improvements. Furthermore out-of-town shopping centres mean that less wealthy people from the inner city are deprived of better shops as they might be less mobile, or cannot afford to travel out of the ci ty every time they wish to shop. Barton ward is Canterburys largest ward, in terms of land, in the local Canterbury area. Barton ward is situated in the south of Canterbury. This ward/area is particularly sought after by many including families and pensioners. The Barton Ward is home to 8,051 residents (2008 estimate)1, with 28% being within the 25-49 age band and 26% within the pensioner quartile. Within this ward are many different religious residents belonging to a variety of religious groups. The majority of the residents are Christian 78.4%, however there are 1.3% Muslim, 0.9% Hindu and 0.4% Buddhist, the rest of the residents either blond to another religion, the rest of the residents either belong to another religion, not religious or their religion was not recorded when collecting the data in the 2001 census. By having a variety of religions then it gives the residents a greater cultural awareness. In addition, 77% of the 8,051 residents had achieved 5 or more A* to C grade passes, including English and Math s, at GCSE or equivalent between 2008 and 2009.Picture1.png As previously mentioned the south of Canterbury and the Barton ward is a particularly sought after area. Local Canterbury estate agents describe the area as South Canterbury is the most prestigious and sought after areas within easy reach of the city and local amenities Godwin Curtis and one of Canterburys premier residential locations Regal Estates. The Barton ward had 677 dwellings in March 2008. The average value of property sales, using median averages, in 2008 are a lot higher than the average of the whole of Canterbury. With all dwellings at  £228,000; flats at  £172,500; terraced houses  £202,500; semi-detached houses  £250,000 and detached houses at  £375,000. All of the property values are significantly higher than the median average of England at only  £174,500. Another important factor when assessing an areas deprivation is the areas physical environment including land use. In January 2005, the Barton ward had a very high percentage of green space, 88.9% and an additional 5.3% of domestic gardens. So the Barton ward has a very large figure of green space, 94.2%. By having this high figure, residents can have a high quality of life as the environmental quality of the area is also very high. Large green spaces are essential as they provide an area for residents to relax, and be away from their busy working lives. So to conclude the Barton ward has a very low deprivation level; the latest Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) for this area was rank 25,186 out of 32,482 in England, where 1 was the most deprived and 32,482 the least. This is calculated by using the following factors (some evaluated above), income; employment; education, skills; health; housing and services; the living environment; and crime. St Stephens ward is the second largest ward in Canterbury, in terms of population. St Stephens ward is situated in the north of Canterbury, it covers areas such as Hales Place and St Stephens and other nearby areas. The St Stephens ward has 9,036 residents (2008 estimate)1, with a significant 47% being students as it is very close to the University of Kent, where 16,000 study. To support this only 11% of people aged 50 and over live in this area. This figure is very small in comparison to the Barton ward. Similarly to the Barton Ward, St Stephens also has a wide range of different religious cultures. Again the majority of residents are Christian 68%, also 1.5% is Muslim, and 0.7% is Hindu. However 28.8% have either no religion, the religion was not stated or more likely the religion was not recorded when statistical surveys took place. Quite importantly 60% of the residents of the ward achieved 5 or more A* to C grade passes, including English and Maths, at GCSE or equivalent between 2008 and 2009. This figure is higher than the percentages achieve in the Canterbury district and England average. This could be due to the University of Kent being within the top 40 universities in the UK so the entry requirements will be fairly high. Many families and pensioners avoid living in the north of Canterbury because of the large student population. So this makes the property values hard to value as many of the houses in the ward have been converted into student suitable housing, where they were originally 3-4 bedroom family houses now they are 6-7 bedroom student houses. Also the condition of student houses is stereotypically described as untidy and not well kept, true in most cases. Therefore these will all affect the property values however the median average of all dwellings in 2008 was  £220,000. Following this are flats at  £155,000; terraced houses at  £193,500; semi-detached houses  £225,000 and finally detached houses at  £308,000.However many houses in this ward are rented to students. The average rent price for a terraced house in this area is  £615  £837. This is fairly low in comparison with other areas in the rest of England. St Stephens ward has a huge 38.1% of green space, a lot of this coming from the University fields, which the University of Kent are pleased about what as they believe students work better and achieve better grades in a nicer and more calming environment. The latest Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) for this area was rank 25,289 out of 32,482 in England, where 1 was the most deprived and 32,482 the least. A ward very similar in many ways to St Stephens ward is the Westgate ward. Westgate ward is very near the city centre and stretches from the bottom of the city centre, Westgate Towers up to the St Stephens ward. The Westgate ward is home to 15,847 residents (2008 residents)1, with the majority of the residents being aged between 16 and 24, this cohort is 34% of the residents. This is closely followed by an also very high percentage of people aged between 0 and 15. From this you can tell that the Westgate ward has a very high birth rate in comparison with the other Canterbury wards. Notably there is a small population of aged people 50-64 however there is a rise in the number of people living in the ward that are aged 65 and over. This could be because of a few reasons, in particular they may few that they need to be close to services such as shops and medical services such as hospitals as they may not drive and they may prefer to be close to neighbours rather than secluded in a rural area in case there is a problem. Likewise there is another wide range of religious communities. There is a fairly moderate 1.2% of Muslim and this figure is closely followed by Buddhists at 0.8%. The Northgate ward has no record of educational attainment, so therefore no conclusion can be made from the education statistics of this ward. However the average value of property sales, in 2008 was low in comparison with the rest of Canterbury. The ave rage of all dwellings  £179,998 in this ward but the average price of all dwellings in Canterbury is  £195,000. Flats are valued at  £165,000; terraced houses at  £197,500; semi-detached houses at  £185,000; and detached houses at  £265,000. As well as property prices being low, there is also a very high percentage of non-domestic buildings within this ward, a huge 21.8% this is almost double the percentage of domestic buildings at 12.8%. The physical environment of the Westgate ward is fairly different to the rest of the wards as there is minimal green space. The latest Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) for this area was rank 25,190 out of 32,482 in England, where 1 was the most deprived and 32,482 the least. The Wincheap ward covers the west of Canterbury area. Along with the St Stephens ward, there is a fairly high population of 8,779 people (2008 estimate)1, with a moderate percentage of them being within the 16-24 age cohort, 46%, the second highest figure in the Canterbury area. The reason for this could be the property values being fairly low, all being below the median average for Canterbury. Of the 622 dwellings in this ward, the average value of property sales, in 2008, flats average was  £177,500; terraced houses,  £183,000; semi-detached houses  £173,000. However the Office of National Statistics has no record of an average price for detached houses, this could be because of two reasons; either, the Wincheap ward does not have any detached houses, there were either none built or they have been converted into flats so they are categorised as flats not as detached houses. Or when the Office of National Statistics collected data they did not collect data for detached houses. This is a problem when comparing between the wards of Canterbury, as there is data missing. To continue the Wincheap ward has the highest percentage of religious groups in Canterbury, with a high 0.8% of Buddhist and Muslim. These figures are almost double the value of Canterbury. Also there is a low percentage of Christians, 64.3%, this is 10% lower than the Canterbury average. By having these high levels of religious communities within an area there is no large separation between the different religions, reducing the deprivation levels to some as they still have access to the large range of services and facilities available. The Wincheap ward also has no record of educational attainment, so therefore no conclusion can be made from the education statistics of this ward. Furthermore the land use in the Wincheap ward has a high percentage of non-domestic buildings. This is possibly due to the Wincheap industrial estate, which has invited several large businesses such as Morrisons, Argos, and Staples; there are also several warehouse type buildings in the estate. The physical environment also has a large percentage of roads in comparison with the other wards of Canterbury. Wincheap ward has 15% of road and the rest of the Canterbury wards have approximately 10%. Finally there is also a fairly low percentage of green space and domestic gardens in comparison with the other wards. This could mean that the residents of the Wincheap ward may not feel as relaxed and may feel that they are deprived of large green space, where they can unwind. The latest Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) for this area was rank 21,699 out of 32,482 in England, where 1 was the most deprived and 32,482 the least. Finally the last ward left in the local Canterbury district is the Northgate ward. Northgate ward is the smallest ward in the Canterbury area. The ward is home to 8,779 people (2008 estimate)1. The Northgate is also home to the largest number of 16-25 year olds, a huge 48% of the total wards population. On the other hand, this ward also has a very low percentage of people aged 50 and over. In the Northgate ward is a fairly high population of the Muslim community, 1.7% this is very high in comparison with the average of Canterbury, which is only 0.6%. In addition to the Muslim community there are also other religious residents who belong to the Buddhist religion 0.5%. So overall in the Northgate ward there is a fairly low Christian population and a moderately high Muslim population. Similarly to the Westgate ward, the Northgate ward average value of property sales in 2008 was below the Canterbury average and just above the median average for England. The follow are the values of all t he properties in the Northgate ward. Flats are valued at  £177,500; terraced houses at  £183,000; and finally  £173,000. Finally the physical environment of the Northgate ward is fairly common, as it is similar to the majority of the rest of the Canterbury wards. There is a moderate percentage of green space 35.8% but a small percentage of domestic gardens at only 7.8%. The latest Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) for this area was rank 11,167 out of 32,482 in England, where 1 was the most deprived and 32,482 the least. So therefore the Northgate ward is the most deprived in the whole of the local Canterbury district. After evaluating all of the Canterbury wards, I can conclude that even though Canterbury is a fairly small city, it has a very high percentage, 83.2% of green space as a land use. From this you can see Canterbury has a lot of open spaces where residents can take a break, relax and forget about their busy work life. This is also seen in the percentage of domestic gardens, 6.1%, this is 2% above the value for the whole of England. In addition Canterbury has a large, wide variety of different services available from the new shopping complex, Whitefriars, the high street, recreational services such as a cinema, bowling alley, and ice rink. To continue there are also several outstanding secondary schools, two of them grammar, Barton Court and Simon Langton Boys and Girls. Likewise crime levels in Canterbury are very low in comparison to the rest of England. All of these factors have a major impact on Canterbury deprivation. Overall Canterbury has a very moderate level of deprivation ranke d 190 out of 354, where 1 is the most deprived. This is judged on a national level. Canterbury has seen successful redevelopment schemes. There have been major transport improvements e.g. Park and Ride scheme, which has improved accessibility to city centres. It has also helped to reduce levels of pollution and so quality of life has been improved. Another fairly recent project in Canterbury was the Whitefriars development. This involved creating a large modern styled shopping area, designed similar to large shopping complexes such as Bluewater and Lakeside. This attracted many large companies and designer brands to Canterbury. So along with the improved access, Canterbury gains many visitors/tourists, many of them visiting the Whitefriars complex. However there are many other schemes which have been unsuccessful. The high-rise flats were a disaster and many gentrification schemes had limited success. The traditional culture of central areas has been threatened by the demolishing of historic buildings. There has also been a failure to tackle the underlying economic problems of high unemployment. This means that poverty and its associated social, economic environmental problems still remain in these areas. In general there has been a lack of long term planning with too many different schemes. However there are a few schemes which have caused some controversy. A main issue is related to the rapid expansion of the various universities situated around the city, and the exponential increase in the number of students in the city. With this figure being so high, more accommodation and housing needs to be provided. This has meant student cities have been built, leading to the majority of north Canterbury (in particular St Stephens Ward, but also Westgate Ward), being overcrowded with students. With the large student population many families feel pressured to move house because of the problems that are typically associated with students, i.e. noise and car parking. With many people moving to other areas, property developers have hit the jackpot. They are converting what were originally typical 3-4 bedroom family houses into a 6-7 bedroom student houses. Canterbury City Council and the Government have realised this situation so have recently introduced a HMOs (Houses in Multiple O ccupation) scheme, where planning permission needs to be granted to enable the house to be converted so it is suitable for multiple occupation. This scheme has caused many complaints and arguments as families living in the area will have a struggle to sell their house as no one will buy it other than developers and developers will only buy it if it has been granted a HMO, and this is down to the councils decision. So if they do not grant the policy then it will prevent the family from moving or make it very difficult. This has caused a lot issues with residents, an article in a Canterbury local paper  [4]  wrote residents are fearful  proposed changes to legislation governing applications for houses in multiple occupation (HMOs) could tip the balance between student lets and family homes. Concerns have also been expressed over the anti-social behaviour  of a minority of students. I personally believe that schemes like this need to be reconsidered and possibly amended.

The Development of Object Permanence Essay -- Piaget Psychology Psycho

The Development of Object Permanence I never realized when I played Peek-A-Boo with different infants in my family, that I was teaching them one of the most valuable lessons in their life. I just thought it was a game that infants liked to play and it made them laugh. I didn’t know that this was so funny to them because they were fascinated with the fact that for one moment I wasn’t there and a moment later I popped back up. Little did I know I was teaching them one of their most important accomplishments.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adults and older children never give a second thought to the fact that when something disappears out of sight that it still exists. It never crosses our minds to think about when exactly did the ability to â€Å"just know†develop. If something ceases to exist that was once right in someone’s hand right before our eyes we think we must be at a magic show. However, people don’t know that when they were an infant they had to develop the knowledge that when you don’t see something it still exists on earth. Technically, infants must be looking at a magic show everyday for months.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Piaget coined the term object permanence in 1954 to describe the understanding that objects continue to exist, even when they cannot be directly seen, heard or touched. While conducting an experiment on his son as Piaget often did he found that his son did not reach for a toy that he had hidden with a cover. Piaget took that to mean that his son must not know that they toy exists anymore. When Piaget started these experiments to test this phenomenon light bulbs lit up in the heads of developmental psychologists around the world as they probably said to themselves,†I never thought about that before†. Since the emergence of the idea of object permanence many psychologists have conducted experiments to either prove or disprove Piaget’s theory. Experiments to test the development of this phenomenon have been conducted for decades and continue to be a topic that many developmental psychologists study.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In his book written in 1954 Piaget stated that â€Å"for young infants objects are not permanent entities that exist continuously in time but instead are transient entities that cease to exist when they are no longer visible and begin to exist anew when they come back into view.† He proposed the notion that infants do not begin to understand the object of object p... ...d they continue to hear it for years to come. However, that still doesn’t explain to me why infants find the game of Peek-A-Boo so amusing. After all this research I’m starting to think that they laugh and say to themselves inside their heads, â€Å"look a this fool, she thinks I don’t know she’s there when she covers her face. What a joke she is.† References Baillargeon, R. (1994). How do infants learn about the physical world? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 3, 133-140. Baillergeon, R., Spelke, E., & Wasserman, S. (Aug, 1985). Object permanence in five-month-old infants. Cognition, 20(3), 191-208. Baillargeon, R., & DeVos, J. (1991). Object permanence in 3.5 and 4.5-month-old infants: further evidence. Child Development, 62, 1227-1246. Baillargeon, R., & Graber, M. (1987). Where’s the rabbit? 5.5 month-old infants’ representation of the height of a hidden object. Cognitive Development, 2, 375-392. Jonsson, B., & von Hofsten, C. (2003). Infants’ ability to track and reach for temporary occluded objects. Developmental Science, 6(1), 86-99. Siegler, R., & Alibali, M. (2005). Children’s Thinking Fourth Edition. Prentice Hall Inc. Upper Saddle River NJ.

Modern Day Hero Essay

H. English 12 February 27, 2013 Hines Ward as a Modern Hero There are very few people in the world today we can consider heroes. These people are almost always brave, honest, compassionate, and smart. These qualities can all be found in Hines Ward. The things that make him a modern hero are his outstanding football career, dedication to charity, and perseverance for equality. Hines Ward would have never been able to achieve any of his goals or aspirations without his football career. It is the vessel that carried him forward in life, and it is what put him on top.Ward started out at a small high school in Atlanta, and then he went to The University of Georgia where he was drafted to the professional football team, the Pittsburgh Steelers. Ward was easily one of the best receivers to play in the NFL by far. In an article written about one of Wards hits where he broke Keith Rivers jaw, Larry Brown says â€Å"Lesson be learned: always go hard and stay on your toes when you’re oc cupying the same space as Hines Ward. Otherwise you’re going to wind up hurt. † (Brown).Just the idea that other players would have to pay attention to a singular player shows his ability. Even if Wards big hits weren’t enough, he is also one of eight people in NFL history to achieve a landmark 1,000 receptions. Hines is also the second player to have 1,000 receptions while also having multiple Super Bowl wins. Ward has been in multiple Super Bowls. In Super Bowl XL, he was recognized as the game’s MVP. Ward caught five passes for 123 yards, and had a touchdown. Even though he won this, he was still as humble as ever.Ward dropped a pass, and in an interview his teammate and quarterback Ben Roethlisberger said â€Å"Hines was going to kill himself because he dropped a touchdown pass. But you know what? He came out and made plays when he had to and that's what he does. † (Super Bowl XL MVP). Ward is and forever will be one of the best players to play the game. There will never be many players who can match his intensity and ability. Although Ward ended up in a not so obscure place, he started very close to the bottom. He was born in Seoul, South Korea to his African American father nd his Korean mother. They moved to Atlanta, and his father left their family. Ward worked his way up from the bottom and had to deal with many obstacles along the way. Ward is very dedicated to helping other people overcome the same obstacles he himself overcame. In South Korea, Ward had to deal with discrimination due to being a mixed race child. After Ward became a professional football player, he was compelled to start a charity that would help deal with the issue of mixed-race discrimination in Korea and everywhere else.Ward called his charity The Hines Ward Helping Hands Foundation. Ward not only donates money, but much of his time to his foundation. In an interview about his charity Ward said â€Å"When I went to Korea and saw, firsthand, the biracial children, I could easily identify with them and they embraced me, like a hero. I do not want to let them down. I want to encourage them by providing them with resources and programs that will enhance their lives and chances for success in life. † (Interview with Eric Kuhn). Ward clearly wants to do his best to help these kids.He shows perseverance and helps to provide these underprivileged children with hope for their future. Other traits that make a modern hero are humility and a positive attitude. Ward is a player that demonstrates both. He is one of the hardest hitting players in the NFL, and one of the most humble. Ward says that â€Å"It's like my mother still tells me, ‘Always be humble, and never forget where you came from. My story is kind of a perfect story, of how I was able to overcome all that. Maybe some other kids can use that as motivation. † (Hines Ward).Ward knows how lucky he is to have all the opportunities he was granted, and he doesnà ¢â‚¬â„¢t take these opportunities lightly. Ward also has a very positive attitude. Many players recall after hitting him, or being hit by him that he always had a smile on his face. In a play against the Seahawks, Ward caught a pass and ran into the endzone for a touchdown. It wasn’t the play that was extraordinary, but it was how Ward made the play. He ran the ball in the whole way, smiling. The NFL even took the picture taken of him making the play and made it into one of their go to advertisement pictures for the next year.The NFL put it on a raft of official publications the next year; it was that iconic, that unusual. â€Å"The NFL put it on a raft of official publications the next year; it was that iconic, that unusual. † (Collier). This one picture shows off Wards entire football career. Ward is just a regular guy, playing the game he loved every day, and doing it all with a smile on his face. He is an inspiration and a role model for all young people to look up to. Ward is easily one of the best people to ever play football, both on and off the field.His positive attitude mixed with his humble upbringing and overall ability is what makes him a modern day hero. Ward retired from the NFL with an unparalled dedication to his team. â€Å"Hines Ward believes he can still play football. The longtime Pittsburgh wide receiver known for his high-wattage smile and his bone-crunching blocks just couldn't stomach the thought of doing it in some strange uniform on some strange field with nary a Terrible Towel in sight. † (Hensley). Ward retired with dignity as an all-time best Steelers receiver, and he is a person that everyone can find some inspiration in.

Pride of Intellect Punished in the Short Fiction of Nathaniel Hawthorne

Pride of Intellect Punished in the Short Fiction of Nathaniel Hawthorne Free Online Research Papers From the first date of their publishing, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s works have never been dismissed as purely entertaining, or fodder for the masses. Both his earliest writing under pen names and his accredited later works have always been respected; early admirers include Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Herman Melville, and Edgar Allen Poe. Poe said of one of Hawthorne’s short stories that â€Å"Every words tells, and there is not a word which does not tell.† Each word â€Å"tells† because the stories are packed with symbols of the day and allegories for our lives- he saw in his own work what he frankly described as â€Å"an inveterate love of allegory† (Arvin xii). While never representing himself as a moral authority or openly espousing traditionally Protestant values, Hawthorne’s short fiction reads as a series of illustrations about human joy and human folly. The allegories are quite clearly understandable in his stories involving science and scientists, particularly Aylmer in â€Å"The Birthmark† and Rappaccini in â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter.† Both stories portray men of secular learning who use their knowledge not to cure or truly heal, but to alter that which they deem unworthy, and with disastrous results. In â€Å"The Birthmark† and â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter,† Hawthorne condemns mankind’s prideful idolization of science as damaging to all that is good in humanity and spirituality. Both fascinating to ponder and very relevant in any examination of Hawthorne’s work is the environment that spawned both his genius and his values. Repetitive themes and tendencies can be better understood by exploring what Hawthorne was exposed to as a youth. He was born in 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, into a culture still strongly influenced by its Puritan ancestry, and few aspects of his writing can be described as untouched by it. Peter Conn characterizes the relationship in his article â€Å"Finding a Voice in a New Nation† by telling us that â€Å"the Puritan ancestors who provided Hawthorne with his amplest materials also gave him his angle of vision and instructed him in his technique† (83). Maintaining a morally pure lifestyle was for centuries surrounding his lifespan of paramount importance in New England- ample material indeed, for works very much centering on sexual morality, such as The Scarlet Letter. His â€Å"angle of vision† and †Å"technique,† while subtler, are still products of a Calvinist set of ideas, where mankind is generally undeserving, and many of the stories illustrate our various failings. Certainly â€Å"The Birthmark† and â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† do nothing to praise human efforts, with one scientist killing off his lovely wife and the other his pretty daughter. In discussing Hawthorne’s studies of human nature, Newton Arvin describes the state of mind that gave birth to such tales: What he found made it impossible for Hawthorne to share the great glad conviction of his age that, as Emerson had told it, ‘love and good are inevitable, and in the course of things’; he came closer to feeling that guilt and terrible wrong are inevitable; that at any rate, they are terribly deeply meshed in the texture of human experience. (Intro XV.) Humanity and their efforts seemed more generally apt to failure than success, for Nathan; considering this, and the nonexistence of any higher considerations in his upbringing other than God’s sovereignty, it is unsurprising that we should read two short stories about tragedy and failure resulting from scientists attempting to alter Creation. More specifically, Hawthorne condemned human efforts and endeavors that he saw as prideful or self-superior. â€Å"To pride himself on one’s intellectual powers or attainments, to cultivate the intellect at the expense of the sympathies†¦ this was for Hawthorne the deadliest form that human guilt could take† (Arvin XVI). What could be more ‘intellectual at the expense of human sympathy’ than one person performing dangerous cosmetic procedures on another, harming that person’s body and mind? This is the picture that Hawthorne paints in â€Å"The Birthmark,† with the main character, Aylmer, pridefully failing his young wife in several ways. We are told that â€Å"he had devoted himself†¦ too unreservedly to scientific studies ever to be weaned from them by any second passion.† The author that we have met cannot possibly approve of his hero loving his science more than his wife, and he goes on to set us up for a powerful out come later: â€Å"Such a union accordingly took place, and was attended with truly remarkable consequences and a deeply impressive moral.† Whatever happens will be remarkable and bring home to us a â€Å"moral,† which is no less than we would expect from the New Englander. Aylmer almost immediately shows us how he feels about God’s creation, telling his young wife that her birthmark â€Å"shocks me, as being the visible mark of earthly imperfection.† The husband hurts his wife here, declaring a feature of her body unattractive and goes on to declare an intention of removing the shocking mark. A mark of earthly imperfection would not be appropriate for humans to try and alter, but he makes the attempt. Knowing what we do about Hawthorne’s disapproval of â€Å"pride of intellect,† Aylmer’s arrogance must be condemned. He exhorts his wife â€Å"doubt not my power. I have already given this matter the deepest thought- thought which might almost have enlightened me to create a being† (152). His belief in his own abilities is continually set up for us, even to claims of being able to create life- surely God’s province alone- with no consideration for his wife’s true welfare. Barbara Eckstein comments that science has become religion for Aylmer, and so surely attempting to modify his wife through his science is akin to worship for him (Eckstein 511). The scientist Rappaccini in â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† is even less kind than misguided Aylmer, railing against one who condemned the turning of his own daughter to poison, in the name of science, â€Å"Wouldst thou, then, have preferred the condition of a weak woman†¦?† (209). Even prior to learning of his daughter’s impending death, we cannot like or sympathize with this man who used his daughter as a scientific experiment. Humankind is not perfect- Biblically, since the sin in Eden, perfection is out of our reach, and considering the two men of science that strive to create perfection in their subjects adds another element to Hawthorne’s condemnation of such practices. Leland S. Person Jr. distills the point that examining these characterizations brings up: â€Å"Hawthorne depicts character after character who destroys what is human† (Person 437). Our two examples, Aylmer and Rappaccini, bear this out dramatically. Early in the story, we learn that Dr. Rappaccini creates an incredibly beautiful garden, but is not content to cultivate for medicine the fruits and flowers that he finds; rather, he engineers new and terrible breeds, as another story character tells: It is his theory that all medicinal virtues are comprised within those substances which we term vegetable poisons. These he cultivates with his own hands, and is said even to have produced new varieties of poison, more horribly deleterious than Nature, without the assistance of this learned person, would ever have plagued the world withal (186). The scientist who uses his learning to alter nature is suspect already, but Rappaccini deliberately creates harmful plants, perverting the earth’s bounty. He has gone farther, however, in changing his young daughter according to his purposes: she has â€Å"been nourished with poisons from her birth upward, until†¦ she herself has become the deadliest poison in existence† (201). Natural, unaltered flowers wither at her touch. Butterflies fall dead from the sky when she breathes on them. At this point in the tale, Rappaccini has already destroyed his daughter, although she lives. He claims that he has improved on what God created, but his version of perfection deprives the girl of all human contact, and ultimately results in her death. â€Å"The Birthmark† also depicts a scientist seeking the perfection that is denied to humans, inevitably failing. Hawthorne repeatedly describes Aylmer’s view of his wife’s birthmark as an â€Å"imperfection,† and the only thing holding Georgiana back from being the ultimate physical specimen. The cure takes her young life, but that is a risk that the husband/physician declared that he was willing to take, by applying his admittedly imperfect science to a piece of his wife- science that the â€Å"large folio† wherein he records all experiments shows to fail as often as it succeeds (158). But when Georgiana says that she worships her husband, he demonstrates that he has not learned from earlier failures, telling her that if he succeeds in removing the birthmark, she can â€Å"worship me if you will. I shall deem myself hardly unworthy of it† (159.) This arrogance is offensive even to a modern reader, and would have read as nearly blasphe mous when it was published; nowhere is Hawthorne sympathetic to his learned characters: â€Å"mechanists like Aylmer [and] Rappaccini sinfully assume that knowledge of mechanism gives them power over life† (Person 437). Examination of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s early environs has shed light on his disdain for personal pride in human endeavors and his creation of characters that meet tragedy once they committed this sin, but the short fiction considered herein more specifically showcases the grievous punishments meted out to men of science who got beyond themselves. Interestingly, the America of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was not one likely to produce writers with immense respect for the fields of scientific research; only in the 1840s did the term â€Å"scientist† come into popular usage, as a descendant and variant of ‘philosopher’ or ‘chemical experimenter.’ Glen Scott Allen describes the state of American science in these decades by telling readers that â€Å"many university professors of the time moonlighted as ‘consultants,’ offering their services as soil analysts, patent advisers†¦ and the like.† He goes on to quote a European naturalist’s characterization of the state of science in the US, that neither a man of the day â€Å"’nor any other American have a mind for purely scientific researches; they look for practical result† (Allen 6). Few favors were done for the indifferent reputation of scientists by the hawking of pseudosciences such as phrenology and mesmerism. The great Puritanical inheritance of dependence on the will of the Almighty, coupled with the perception of a narrow distinction between unregulated charlatans and ‘men of science,’ was enough to produce a nation with little adoration for the profession. In the eyes of his first readers, contemporaries, Hawthorne’s blaspheming scientists may very much have deserved their punishments. While science and medical treatment are not condemned wholesale as flouting God’s will in the twenty-first century, traces of the attitudes of Hawthorne’s ancestors can be found today. A unique perspective on two old short stories recently surfaced in American politics: George W. Bush’s President’s Council on Bioethics began their first meetings with a reading of â€Å"The Birthmark.† The executive director of the committee, created to address moral and ethical (even Biblical) questions surrounding cloning and stem cell research, is a zealous Christian and selected the tale for his fellow committee members to examine. Discussing the story and its likely applications in the meetings, Fred Edwords elaborates: Here we have an image of science as inadequate because it fails to consider the supernatural- and an image of scientists as prideful and self-defeating perfectionists who should be satisfied with nature. Such was a common literary view in 1843. But the advance of both time and science hasn’t helped much†¦ biological research continues to suffer from a negative literary image (Edwords 2). Modern Americans, in a culture far more permissive, less devout, and more centered on self esteem- a form of that deadly pride- love to consume tales wherein people who manipulate biology fail miserably; Jurassic Park and The Island of Dr. Moreau come to mind. Certainly Hawthorne found no less sympathetic an audience in his day. Our close examination of language, setting, plot and nearly any other elements of â€Å"The Birthmark† and â€Å"Rappaccini’s Daughter† yields a condemnation of worshipping science and of the arrogance of humans who do so, neglecting what is human and what is spiritual. Men who use their superior scientific knowledge to pervert, but not to heal, are painted as selfish and punished; concurrently, the notion of ‘perfecting’ humanity is destroyed. They got beyond themselves and suffered for it. Stepping back from these two short stories and considering other major works of Hawthorne’s bears out this conclusion. The Scarlet Letter is more commonly recalled as a moral tale, where the mores of Puritan New England and human frailty are masterfully portrayed, but it also speaks of the dangers assuming â€Å"life is strictly a function of ‘mechanism; and that having knowledge of the mechanism is to have power over life itself† (Trepanie r 317). Chillingworth is the vehicle for this lesson in the novel; he too feels the pride of the scientist, and Hawthorne does not reward him for it. While admittedly removed from our lives by the span of a century and a half, the author’s personal views and fiction defining them on science, human failings, pride and the necessity of respect for nature (creation) are still fascinating today. Our own political system today echoes with the uniquely American struggle to define what is important and acceptable, and what is crossing the line of what is divine: congressional committees are making decisions on biological research and bioethics with a dead advisor, born two hundred years ago, and this policy is cheered on by many. Certainly Hawthorne never foresaw an outcome like this, but a reading of his work from this frame of reference is modern and relevant, whatever the personal beliefs of the reader. Allen, Glen Scott. â€Å"MASTER MECHANICS AND EVIL WIZARDS: SCIENCE AND THE AMERICAN IMAGINATION.† Massachusetts Review, Winter 92/93, Vol. 33. Academic Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 1 March 2007. . Arvin, Newton. Introduction. Hawthorne’s Short Stories. By Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Random House, 1946. Conn, Peter. â€Å"Finding a Voice in a New Nation.† Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Eckstein, Barbara. â€Å"HAWTHORNE’S ‘THE BIRTHMARK’: SCIENCE AND ROMANCE AS BELIEF.† Studies in Short Fiction, Fall 1989, Vol 26. Academic Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 1 March 2007. . Edwords, Fred. â€Å"GETTING STARTED ON THE WRONG FOOT.† Humanist, March/April 2002, Vol 62. Academic Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 1 March 2007. . Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"The Birthmark.† Hawthorne’s Short Stories. Ed. Newton Arvin. New York: Random House, 1946. . â€Å"Rappacini’s Daughter.† Hawthorne’s Short Stories. Ed. Newton Arvin. New York: Random House, 1946. Person Jr., Leland S. â€Å"HAWTHORNE AND HIS CULTURE: THREE RECENT VIEWS.† Studies in the Novel, Winter 1992, Vol 24. Academic Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 1 March 2007. . Pfister, Joel. â€Å"Hawthorne as a Cultural Theorist.† The Cambridge Companion to Nathaniel Hawthorne. Ed. Richard Millington. Cambridge, UK: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 2004. Trepanier, Lee. â€Å"THE NEED FOR RENEWAL: NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S CONSERVATISM.† Modern Age, Fall 2003, Vol. 45. Academic Search Elite. EBSCOhost. 1 March 2007. . Research Papers on Pride of Intellect Punished in the Short Fiction of Nathaniel HawthorneMind TravelBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHip-Hop is ArtComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCapital PunishmentPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)

Writers of Term Papers

Writers of Term Papers Writers of Term Papers Writers of Term PapersA term paper is rather a complicated research project that requires sufficient experience in analyzing, writing, and presenting the project. That is why writers of term papers should develop a certain set of qualities and abilities. Do you want to know which ones? Then go ahead reading. Do not forget to read article on The Stolen Party term paper writing, how to write term papers, as well as guide on college entrance essay outline writing and how to write a good college essay .Writers of term papers should practice building sentences logically. One of the possible and rather effective methods to do it is to tape-record what you have written and then listen to the record made. You can also ask someone to read your paper to check whether your writing is consecutive and logical enough. Writers of term papers should be well informed on their research area. That is why it is important for writers of term papers to read as much information relevant to their research topic as possible. So, if for example, you are to write a term paper on hurricane Katrina, read all the possible information about hurricanes, watch videos and documentaries, listen to CNN reports, etc. Your professor will certainly appreciate your awareness of the subject, thus, you will have more chances to get an A+ grade.Writers of term papers should learn to be persuasive. The art of persuasiveness is not easy to learn, still, possible. To sound persuasively, it is important for term paper writers to avoid emotions while writing. Besides, emotions are inadmissible in academic writing, and if you want to master in the use of scientific language, you have to keep it in mind. The best and the most important tool that all writers of term papers should use to sound persuasively is argumentation. Make your argumentation reasonable and logical. Provide the reader with enough evidence to prove that your point of view is the only right.Writers of term papers should be able to develop strong and catchy thesis statements. Some writers of term papers confuse a thesis statement with a well known fact. The main difference between a generally known fact and a thesis statement is that a thesis statement is something that you personally consider to be truth while a commonly known fact is something that does not leave grounds for debates. This mistake can make a paper sound unskillfully and become the cause of a low grade. That is why it is of a great importance for writers of term papers to understand the difference between these two notions.Striving at self-perfection is the best way to success. That is why writers of term papers should strive at it.

Ban of DDT in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ban of DDT in the US - Essay Example The book listed the negative impact of pesticides on the environment, particularly wildlife and birds. It also argued that DDT was hazardous to the human health, causing cancer. The book was widely read causing an uproar in the general public, apart from already frowning scientists fraternity. The result was that in 1962, President Kennedy ordered the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) to probe into Carson’s claims and establish their validity. SAC in turn agreed with Carson’s claim and recommended phasing out the DDT from usage. DDT has the property of getting accumulated in the animal tissues, particularly in animals that are higher in food chain. Thus apex predators (such as bald eagle) and marine animals( such as crayfish, sea shrimp) were majorly poisoned due to DDT. It was also found out that DDT causes long term reproductive problems in birds (such as birds of prey, waterfowl) as the shell thins down. As per Environmental Defence Fund studies, even low doses of DDT on a continuous bases might result in pre mature birth and low birth babies( for the babies who were exposed to DDT before birth) and decreased duration of milk supply in nursing mothers (Environmental Defense Fund). Studies also show that prevalence of diabities increases with serum DDT level (Jones, Maguire and Griffin 287-8). Food webs represent the predator-prey relationship between the species in earth’s ecosystem. Scientists claimed that DDT and its residuals were carried from the warmer regions of the earth to the Arctic, through global distillation, causing accumulation of the toxic elements in the Arctic food web. When DDT is used in much larger quantities, than required for controlling Malaria carrying mosquitoes, the mosquitoes become resistant to the pesticide , thus greatly reducing its effect. In agriculture , usage of large quantities of DDT led to the problem of mosquito resistance. DDT ban is seen as a major

Give me at least 3 question to discussion after your reading. then Research Paper

Give me at least 3 question to discussion after your reading. then answer the following questions - Research Paper Example It is of much importance that organizations venture the global markets fast but in a realistic manner. When seeking employment, such will be the issues to consider on how best you can help the organization achieve and maintain a global profile. It is evident that organizations need global managers. Do you think that it is the sole responsibility of managers to achieve the objective, or leaders have a role to play in achieving the objective? Can the role of managers and leaders be quantified to establish which one has the greatest significance? What would be your role as a manager, leader, or both, in realizing the objective of global recognition? Kotter convincingly argue that management and leadership roles are complementary, despite them being different. The major difference between the two is that, while managers promote stability, leaders drive change derived from the complex issues that managers solve. The difference is enough to explain that both cannot work independently. In the contemporary world, technological advancements are attributable to the changes in how organizations are run. In the past decade, the internet did not have a significant role in organizations. In addition, smartphones have increasingly been a part of the accessibility of information with the help of the internet. The organizational culture is constantly changing to accommodate the technological advancements and maintain a competitive advantage. In my opinion, I have strong leadership skills, bearing in mind the distinctive characteristics of managers and leaders. Leadership skills are not innate; they are acquired. The working environment shapes individuals to become leaders. On the contrary, management skills are influenced by personal traits. It is evident that leaders focus on the vision and adjust their skills in a manner that is suitable for the team and the organization as a whole. On the other hand, managers set the vision, but it may not be achieved